5/1/2021 0 Comments Hsc Chemistry 9
Learning Objective 3 Analyse the shape of molecules formed between carbon atoms when a single, double or triple bond is formed between them.
Hsc Chemistry 9 Series Of AlkanesLearning Objective 4 Explain the properties within and between the homologous series of alkanes with reference to the intermolecular and intramolecular bonding present.Learning Objective 5 Describe the procedures required to safely handle and dispose of organic substances.Learning Objective 6 Examine the environmental, economic and sociocultural implications of obtaining and using hydrocarbons from the Earth NEW HSC Chemistry Syllabus Video Hydrocarbons Week 8 Homework Questions (Essential for Band 5) Week 8 Curveball Questions (Moving from Band 5 to Band 6) Week 8 Extension Questions Solutions to Week 8 Questions Learning Objective 1 - Construct models, identify the functional group, and write structural molecular formulae for homologous series of organic chemical compounds, up to C8 for the following categories of hydrocarbons: What is a homologous series A homologous series is just a category of molecules with the same functional (sometimes substituent e.g. The term homologs or homologues refers to compounds that are in the same homologous series e.g. Alkanes. Each previous and subsequent homolog differs in the number of only one CH2 unit. Each homolog has the same chemical properties as they have the same functional group. Due to their different molecular mass, they have different physical properties (e.g. The reason for this we will explore in Learning Objective 2 and 4 later in this weeks notes. We will now proceed to explore various homologous series of hydrocarbons. If you recall from last weeks we said that hydrocarbons are compounds that solely have carbon and hydrogen atoms and no other atoms. Neat Lets go explore Hydrocarbon Homologous Series Type 1: Alkanes. Hsc Chemistry 9 How To Write OutHere, we will explore how to write out a structural and molecular formula for alkanes when we given the name of an alkane such as ethane. This formula is: C n H( 2n2 ), where n is the number of carbon atoms that the alkane has. NOTE: This formula works well for alkanes that does not have any substituent group as the formula would fail when there are substituents in place. Refer to last weeks notes if you are unsure of the definition of substituents and functional groups. Hydrocarbon Homologous Series Type 2 - Alkenes Just like we have a formula for naming alkanes without substituent groups, we also have one for naming alkenes without substituent groups How great, yay The formula that is of our concern here is: C n H( 2n ), where n is the number of carbon atoms that the alkene has. For example: the precise alkene names would be: Prop-1-ene, But-1-ene, Pent-1-ene, etc. NOTE: There is no need to number the position of the CC in ethene because there are only two carbon atoms in the parent carbon chain. NOTE: IUPAC actually prefers the name ethylene rather than ethene. Hydrocarbon Homologous Series Type 3 - Alkynes Lastly, we will explore the formula for naming alkynes without substituent groups. For example: the precise alkyne names would be: Prop-1-yne, But-1-yne, Pent-1-yne, etc. NOTE: Again, as there are only two carbon atoms in ethyne parent carbon chain, this means that the triple bond can only be between those two carbons so there is no need to use -1- to specify the location of the triple bond. Learning Objective 2 - Conduct an investigation to compare the properties of organic chemical compounds within a homologous series, and explain these differences in terms of bonding. We have already discussed a whole list of different homologous series in last weeks notes.
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